{"id":76,"date":"2024-05-28T17:36:48","date_gmt":"2024-05-28T09:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=76"},"modified":"2024-05-31T12:04:56","modified_gmt":"2024-05-31T04:04:56","slug":"ioc%ef%bc%88%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e5%8f%8d%e8%bd%ac%ef%bc%89-di%ef%bc%88%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e6%b3%a8%e5%85%a5%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=76","title":{"rendered":"02. IoC\uff08\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u8f6c\uff09 &#038; DI\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>IoC\uff08\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u8f6c\uff09 &amp; DI\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff09<\/h1>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7406\u89e3 IoC \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u638c\u63e1\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u3001setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001IoC\uff08\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u8f6c\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<h3>1.1 \u4e13\u4e1a\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h3>\n<p>IoC \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5916\u90e8\u5bb9\u5668\uff08\u5982Spring\u6846\u67b6\uff09\u6765\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5new\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u5bb9\u5668\u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DI \u662f\u5b9e\u73b0 IoC \u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5bb9\u5668\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5c06\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8026\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.2 \u901a\u4fd7\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h3>\n<p>\u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u5728\u7ecf\u8425\u4e00\u5bb6\u9910\u5385\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53a8\u5e08\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5e02\u573a\u8d2d\u4e70\u539f\u6599\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u70f9\u996a\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u91c7\u7528IoC\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u53a8\u623f\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4f4d\u53a8\u5e08\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u63d0\u524d\u51c6\u5907\u597d\uff0c\u53a8\u5e08\u53ea\u9700\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u70f9\u996a\uff08\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DI\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u539f\u6599\u76f4\u63a5\u9001\u5230\u53a8\u5e08\u624b\u4e0a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1.3 \u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>OrderService<\/code> \u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>PaymentService<\/code> \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u652f\u4ed8\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 IoC \u548c DI \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5728 <code>OrderService<\/code> \u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5new\u4e00\u4e2a <code>PaymentService<\/code> \u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5728Spring\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u544a\u8bc9Spring\u5bb9\u5668 <code>OrderService<\/code> \u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a <code>PaymentService<\/code> \u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u5728 <code>OrderService<\/code> \u4e2d\u4e0d\u518d\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u5efa <code>PaymentService<\/code> \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6216setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u5f85Spring\u5bb9\u5668\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u5165\u6240\u9700\u7684 <code>PaymentService<\/code> \u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>1.4 \u7b80\u6613\u4ee3\u7801\u6f14\u793a<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u65e0IoC\/DI\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">public class OrderService {\n    private PaymentService paymentService = new PaymentService();\n\n    public void processOrder() {\n        \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528paymentService\u8fdb\u884c\u652f\u4ed8\u64cd\u4f5c\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Spring IoC\/DI\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">public interface PaymentService {\n    void pay();\n}\n\n@Service\npublic class DefaultPaymentService implements PaymentService {\n    @Override\n    public void pay() {\n        \/\/ \u652f\u4ed8\u903b\u8f91\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2\u3001\u63a5\u7740\u5728 <code>OrderService<\/code> \u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u5bf9 <code>PaymentService<\/code> \u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u89e3\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u544a\u77e5Spring\u5bb9\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">@Service\npublic class OrderService {\n    private final PaymentService paymentService;\n\n    \/\/ Spring\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684PaymentService Bean\u5e76\u6ce8\u5165\n    \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u6cd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u7528\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u5230\u5b66\u4e60DI\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff09\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u8bb2\u89e3\u6ce8\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\n    @Autowired \n    public OrderService(PaymentService paymentService) {\n        this.paymentService = paymentService;\n    }\n\n    public void processOrder() {\n        paymentService.pay(); \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u5165\u7684paymentService\u8fdb\u884c\u652f\u4ed8\u64cd\u4f5c\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cSpring\u6846\u67b6\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u53a8\u623f\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5b83\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97 <code>OrderService<\/code> \u7c7b\u66f4\u52a0\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8ba2\u5355\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5173\u5fc3 <code>PaymentService<\/code> \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n<li>Setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n<li>\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.1 \u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1.1 \u4e13\u4e1a\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6ce8\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u7c7b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u6765\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86 immutability\uff08\u4e0d\u53d8\u6027\uff09\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.1.2 \u901a\u4fd7\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u7ec4\u88c5\u4e00\u8f86\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\uff0c\u8f66\u67b6\uff08\u4e3b\u7c7b\uff09\u5728\u51fa\u5382\u65f6\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u88c5\u914d\u597d\u8f66\u8f6e\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\uff09\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f66\u8f6e\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u65e0\u6cd5\u51fa\u5382\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u7c7b\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.1.3 \u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u535a\u5ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>PostService<\/code> \u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56 <code>PostRepository<\/code> \u6765\u5b58\u53d6\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c <code>PostService<\/code> \u5fc5\u987b\u6709 <code>PostRepository<\/code> \u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5c31\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.1.4 \u7b80\u6613\u4ee3\u7801\u6f14\u793a<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">@Service\npublic class PostService {\n    private final PostRepository repository;\n\n    @Autowired\n    public PostService(PostRepository repository) {\n        this.repository = repository;\n    }\n    \/\/ ...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>2.1.5 \u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5f3a\u5236\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5c31\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u6700\u5c11\u77e5\u8bc6\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u8c61\u66f4\u52a0\u7eaf\u7cb9\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/strong> \u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3afinal\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong> \u6784\u9020\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6613\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u7c7b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u6216\u5b58\u6839\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6784\u9020\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u8fc7\u591a\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u7c7b\u4f9d\u8d56\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u5668\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5f97\u5197\u957f\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u591f\u7075\u6d3b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u65e6\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4fbf\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.2 Setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165<\/h3>\n<h4>2.2.1 \u4e13\u4e1a\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6ce8\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u518d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6216\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.2.2 \u901a\u4fd7\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u94c3\u94db\uff08\u53ef\u9009\u4f9d\u8d56\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u4e70\u56de\u5bb6\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u518d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fsetter\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u968f\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.2.3 \u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c <code>PostService<\/code> \u6709\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ec4\u4ef6 <code>Logger<\/code> \uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bd5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.2.4 \u7b80\u6613\u4ee3\u7801\u6f14\u793a<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">@Service\npublic class PostService {\n    private Logger logger;\n\n    @Autowired\n    public void setLogger(Logger logger) {\n        this.logger = logger;\n    }\n    \/\/ ...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>2.2.5 \u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u6216\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u9009\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0csetter\u6ce8\u5165\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u9700\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7b80\u5316\u6784\u9020\u5668\uff1a<\/strong> \u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6784\u9020\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u8fc7\u957f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6784\u9020\u5668\u4fdd\u6301\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong> setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u53d8\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/strong> \u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5fd8\u8bb0\u8c03\u7528setter\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u5904\u4e8e\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.3 \u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165<\/h3>\n<h4>2.3.1 \u4e13\u4e1a\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u89e3\uff08\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=96\">@Autowired<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=115\">@Resource<\/a>\uff09\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u548c\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.3.2 \u901a\u4fd7\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u7684\u4e66\u684c\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b14\u7b52\uff08\u7c7b\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u7b14\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\uff09\u653e\u5728\u7b14\u7b52\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u4eea\u5f0f\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\uff09\u3002\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7b14\u7b52\uff08\u7c7b\uff09\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7b14\uff08\u4f9d\u8d56\uff09\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.3.3 \u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9996\u9009\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e3a\u6f14\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.3.4 \u7b80\u6613\u4ee3\u7801\u6f14\u793a<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-java\">@Service\npublic class AppConfig {\n    @Value(&quot;${app.name}&quot;)\n    private String appName; \/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\u5165\u914d\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027\u5230\u5b57\u6bb5\n}\n\n\/\/ \u6216\u8005\n@Service\npublic class UserService {\n    @Resource\n    private UserMapper userMapper;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>2.3.5\u3001\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b80\u5355\u5feb\u6377\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u89e3\uff08\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=96\">@Autowired<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=115\">@Resource<\/a>\uff09\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6700\u4e3a\u76f4\u89c2\u4e14\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u5feb\u901f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\u5c11\uff1a<\/strong> \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u6216setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6216setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56f0\u96be\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u7c7b\u96be\u4ee5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709Spring\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u6216\u6a21\u62df\uff08mock\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u672a\u5f3a\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5f3a\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89e3\u8026\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u5982\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u89e3\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u7c7b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u8fd9\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2.4 \u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<h4>2.4.1 \u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1) \u9002\u5408\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7c7b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u9886\u57df\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2) \u6a21\u62df\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\uff0c<code>OrderService<\/code> \u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u8ba2\u5355\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u8ba2\u5355\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e <code>OrderRepository<\/code> \u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u80fd\u529b\uff0c<code>OrderService<\/code> \u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u7406\u7531\uff1a<\/strong> \u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a <code>OrderRepository<\/code> \u662f <code>OrderService<\/code> \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7701\u7565\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u6bcf\u6b21\u521b\u5efa <code>OrderService<\/code> \u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u80fd\u529b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c31\u7eea\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.4.2 setter\u6ce8\u5165<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1) \u9002\u5408\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u914d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u67d0\u4e9b\u8f85\u52a9\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u542f\u7528\u4e0e\u5426\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2) \u6a21\u62df\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a <code>NotificationService<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u8ba2\u5355\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u66f4\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u6216APP\u63a8\u9001\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u6e20\u9053\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c <code>EmailSender<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u8ba2\u5355\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u66f4\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u504f\u597d\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u7406\u7531\uff1a<\/strong> setter\u6ce8\u5165\u9002\u5408\u8fd9\u79cd\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a <code>EmailSender<\/code> \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u901a\u8fc7setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a <code>NotificationService<\/code> \u6ce8\u5165\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.4.3 \u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1) \u9002\u5408\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0a\u7684\u52a3\u52bf\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u88ab\u63a8\u8350\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9996\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u6216\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6682\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u5728\u4e2d\u5c0f\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u591a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u82e5\u4f9d\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2) \u6a21\u62df\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u5feb\u901f\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u5185\u90e8\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5de5\u5177 <code>DebugLogPrinter<\/code> \uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e <code>LogConfig<\/code> \u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8f93\u51fa\u7ea7\u522b\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u6784\u9020\u6216setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u82b1\u8d39\u592a\u591a\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u7406\u7531\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u6216\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5feb\u901f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9010\u6b65\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6216setter\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027\u3002\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ce8\u5165\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u7b80\u5316\u521d\u671f\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u957f\u671f\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2.5 \u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u4e00\uff1a@Autowired &amp; @Resource \u7528\u6cd5\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n<p>\u8be6\u7ec6\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=96\">@Autowired<\/a> \u6216\u8005 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tqazy.com\/?p=115\">@Resource<\/a><\/p>\n<p><code>@Autowired<\/code> \u548c <code>@Resource<\/code> \u90fd\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>1\u3001\u6765\u6e90\u4e0e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>@Autowired\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u662fSpring\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 <code>@Autowired<\/code> \uff0cSpring\u5bb9\u5668\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u6216\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u7684Bean\u5e76\u6ce8\u5165\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684Bean\uff0cSpring\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>required=false<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6ce8\u5165\u4e3anull\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>@Resource\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u6765\u81eaJava EE\u89c4\u8303\uff08JSR-250\uff09\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u88abSpring\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u6309\u7167\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u67e5\u627eBean\u3002<mark>\u5982\u679c <code>@Resource<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9aname\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3aBean\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u53bb\u67e5\u627e\u3002<\/mark>\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5339\u914d\u540d\u79f0\u7684Bean\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff08\u5982Tomcat\uff09\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u89c4\u8303\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2\u3001\u6ce8\u89e3\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>@Autowired<\/code> 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\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9650\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c<code>@Autowired<\/code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c <code>@Resource<\/code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6309\u540d\u79f0\u5339\u914d\uff08\u540d\u79f0\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u8981\u662fSpring\u751f\u6001\uff0c\u4e14\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\uff0c<code>@Autowired<\/code> \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528Spring\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\uff08\u5982 <code>@Qualifier<\/code> 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